Automatic Impedance Double-Stub Tuner for High-Power S-Band Microwave Networks
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Published:
Apr 30, 2025
Keywords:
Closed loop, High-power, Impedance tuner, Microwave, Waveguide
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Abstract
This paper presents the development of an impedance tuner realized in the WR-340 waveguide for use in S-band networks (2.45 GHz ISM band). The tuner is a double-stub structure designed to be adjoined to a reflectometer and performs automatic impedance matching using the reflectometer’s measurements through a closed-loop feedback mechanism. The device is designed to work under the full operating conditions of high-power microwave generators. Simulations and preliminary measurements show that the impedance tuner performance is stable and temperature independent. The system is suited for on-line monitoring and control of network parameters in industrial waveguide applications
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How to Cite
[1]
B. Kommey, E. O. Addo, and E. Tamakloe, “Automatic Impedance Double-Stub Tuner for High-Power S-Band Microwave Networks”, chipset, vol. 6, no. 01, pp. 1-12, Apr. 2025.
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References
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[17] B. Kommey, Addo E., Tamakloe E., Tchao E.T., Nunoo-Mensah H., and Akowuah B.Y., “A Six-Port Measurement Approach for High Power Microwave Vector Network Analyzer.” 2021. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3996879
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[20] J.R. Stanec, and N.S. Barker., “A Rectangular-Waveguide Contacting Sliding Short for Terahertz Frequency Applications.” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques vol. 61. no 4, pp. 1488–1495. 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2013.2248016.
[21] R. Kerr., “An Adjustable Short-circuit for Millimeter Waveguides.” Tech. rep. National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA, USA, 1988.
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[23] V. Bilik and Bezek J., “Noncontracting R26-Waveguide Sliding Short for Industrial Application”. 2006 European Microwave Conference. 1032–1035. DOI: 10.1109/EUMC.2006.281100.
[24] M. Osepchuck, Simpson J.E, and Foerstner R.A., “Advances in Choke Design for Microwave Oven Door Seals.” Journal of Microwave Power 8(3) 296–302. 1973. DOI:10.1080/00222739.1973.11688888.
[25] Actuonix Motion Devices Inc. Miniature Linear Motion Series. L12 Datasheet. 2019.
[2] S. Marinel, Renaut N., Savary E., Macaigne R., Riquet G., Coureav C., Gadeyne T., and Guillet D, “Tuning Impedance Matching and Temperature Regulation during High-Temperature Microwave Sintering of Ceramics.” Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 4158969, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4158969
[3] G. Brodie, “Applications of Microwave Heating in Agricultural and Forestry Related Industries.” The Development and Application of Microwave Heating, ISBN: 978-953-51-5678-9, 2012. DOI:10.5772/45919.
[4] N. Jia, “Development of tunable and miniature microwave filters for modern wireless communications,” PhD dissertation, Heriot-Watt University, [03- 2014], https://hdl.handle.net/10399/2843.
[5] L. Liu, Liao S., Xue W. and Yue J, “Tunable all-optical microwave filter with high tuning efficiency.” Optics Express, 28(5), 2020. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.384823.
[6] O. Elalaouy, M.E. Ghzaoui, and J. Foshi., “A Low Profile Four-Port MIMO Array Antenna with Defected Ground Structure for 5G IoT Applications.” Jordan Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 496-508. 2023. doi: 10.5455/jjee.204-1673904693.
[7] A. Al-laymoun and R. Alrawashdeh, “A Spiral Flower Shape Wearable Antenna for Smart Internet of Things Applications.” Jordan Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 212-228. 2024. doi: 10.5455/jjee.204-1685620635.
[8] Plasma Applications Inc, Impedance matching tuners (automatic and manual) for microwave circuit. 2016. https://www.campuscreate.com/global/seeds-list/global-04/
[9] T. Vaha-Heikkila, Varis J., Tuovinen J., and Rebeiz G.M., “W-band RF MEMS double and triple stub impedance tuners.” IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, pp. 923-926, 2005. DOI:10.1109/MWSYM.2005.1516774
[10] B.A. Obot, “Design Procedure of Single Shunt (Short Circuited) Stubs Impedance Matching Networks Using the Smith Chart.” Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology, 7(4). 2020.
[11] L. Muguira, Arredondo I., Belver D., Eguiraun M., Fernandez F.J., Feuchtwanger J., Garmendia N., Gonzalez O., Gonzalez P.J, Verdu J., Etxebarria V., Jugo J., and Portilla J., “Automatic Tuner Unit Operation for The Microwave System of The ESS-Bilbao H+ Ion Source.” Proceedings of IPAC, 2012. https://accelconf.web.cern.ch/IPAC2012/papers/weppd070.pdf
[12] A.S. Jurkov, Radomski A and Perreault D.J. “Tunable Matching Networks based on Phase-Switched Impedance Modulation.” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 35, 10150-10167, 2020. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2020.2980214
[13] B. Bogdanovich, Ebert M., Egorov M., Kaminsky V., Sobenin N., Volkov V. and Zavadtsev D., “Design of an E-H Tuner and An Adjustable Directional Coupler for High-Power Waveguide Systems.” Proceedings of EPAC, 2002. https://cern.ch/AccelConf/e02/PAPERS/MOPRI025.pdf
[14] T. Kiuru, Dahlberg K., Mallat J., Räisänen A., and Närhi T., “EH-Impedance Tuner with Dielectric-Based Backshorts for Millimeter Wave Diode Testing.” Proceedings of the 40th European Microwave Conference, 1357-1360, ISBN: 978-2-87487-016-3. 2010.
[15] C M. Andersson, Ejebjörk N., Anne H., Andersson S., Janzén E., Zirath H., and Rorsman N., “A SiC Varactor with Large Effective Tuning Range for Microwave Power Application.” IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS, 32(6), 788-790. 2011. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LED.2011.2131117
[16] A. Li, Kim S., Luo Y., Li Y., Long J. and Sievenpiper D.F., “High-Power Transistor-Based Tunable and Switchable Metasurface Absorber.” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 65(8). 2017.
[17] B. Kommey, Addo E., Tamakloe E., Tchao E.T., Nunoo-Mensah H., and Akowuah B.Y., “A Six-Port Measurement Approach for High Power Microwave Vector Network Analyzer.” 2021. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3996879
[18] D.M. Pozar, “Microwave Engineering.” 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2011.
[19] A.L. Cullen, “Convergence of the E-H tuner.” English. In: Electronics Letters 1, 55–56(1). issn: 0013-5194. 1965. url: https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/ 10.1049/el_19650053.
[20] J.R. Stanec, and N.S. Barker., “A Rectangular-Waveguide Contacting Sliding Short for Terahertz Frequency Applications.” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques vol. 61. no 4, pp. 1488–1495. 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2013.2248016.
[21] R. Kerr., “An Adjustable Short-circuit for Millimeter Waveguides.” Tech. rep. National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA, USA, 1988.
[22] V. Bilik and Bezek J., “Analysis of Modes in Rectangular-Waveguide Noncontracting Shorting Plunger.” Proceedings of GeMiC 2006.
[23] V. Bilik and Bezek J., “Noncontracting R26-Waveguide Sliding Short for Industrial Application”. 2006 European Microwave Conference. 1032–1035. DOI: 10.1109/EUMC.2006.281100.
[24] M. Osepchuck, Simpson J.E, and Foerstner R.A., “Advances in Choke Design for Microwave Oven Door Seals.” Journal of Microwave Power 8(3) 296–302. 1973. DOI:10.1080/00222739.1973.11688888.
[25] Actuonix Motion Devices Inc. Miniature Linear Motion Series. L12 Datasheet. 2019.